using Godot;
using IslaApocalypse.Core;

namespace IslaApocalypse.Tools
{
	/// <summary>
	/// ⭐⭐ PASS 1 — the raw island height field. THE CROWN-JEWEL PORT.
	/// → D-050 ("port, don't re-derive"), `Design - Rewrite - Extraction Manifest.md`.
	///
	/// Ported from the reference's <c>MapGenerator.GenerateTopography</c> pass-1 loop
	/// (<c>Tools/Scripts/MapGenerator.cs</c> ~:553-619 at tag <c>pre-rewrite-reference</c>,
	/// commit <c>ab78883</c>). Constants are READ FROM THAT SOURCE, not re-derived from a design
	/// summary — that distinction is the whole point of D-050.
	///
	/// ═══ THE SIX ELEMENTS, IN THE REFERENCE'S EXECUTION ORDER ═══
	///
	///   1. wobbled latitude scalar        (ref ~:559-562)
	///   2. island falloff / mask          (ref ~:567-574, 593)
	///   3. edge / coastline roughness     (ref ~:577-578)
	///   4. southern sinker                (ref ~:582-587)
	///   5. the Trench                     (ref ~:595-598)
	///   6. mountain spine                 (ref ~:605-612)
	///   → combine and write               (ref ~:618-619, 665-666)
	///
	/// ⚠⚠ THE ORDER IS LOAD-BEARING AND IS NOT AN IMPLEMENTATION DETAIL.
	/// The sinker lands BEFORE the power, so its effect is superlinear. The Trench lands AFTER it,
	/// so it is a raw additive wall the exponent never softens. preTrenchFalloff is captured
	/// between them. Reordering any of it changes the island.
	///
	/// ═══ PASS 1b — THE SHELF AND THE ISLETS (chat2/05) ═══
	///
	/// The reference's pass-1 loop continues past the height write with two more task-11 passes:
	/// the submarine COAST SHELF (~:621-640) and the OFFSHORE ISLET layer (~:641-664). v2 runs them
	/// as a second sweep over the finished arrays — <see cref="OffshorePass"/> — with the same
	/// per-pixel arithmetic in the same order, and then recomputes <c>HMaxSeed</c> AFTER them, as
	/// the reference did. Config-gated; both default off (see <c>TerrainGenConfig</c> for why).
	///
	/// Nothing from pass 2 is here at all: no redistribution curve, no shelf detail, no erosion,
	/// no rivers, no water bodies, no crater carve, no biomes.
	/// </summary>
	public static class Topography
	{
		// ═══ CONSTANTS, ALL READ FROM THE REFERENCE SOURCE ═══
		// Named rather than inlined so each one is greppable and has a home for its reason.

		/// <summary>The squircle/ellipse blend weight. Reference: <c>Mathf.Lerp(ellipse, squircle, 0.5f)</c> (~:574).</summary>
		private const float BlendSquircleWeight = 0.5f;

		/// <summary>
		/// The ellipse's scale divisor: <c>ellipticalPos.Length() / (MapSize / 1.3f)</c> (~:572).
		///
		/// ⚠ AN UNCOMMENTED SHAPE DIAL IN THE REFERENCE, PORTED AS ONE. It sets the ellipse's
		/// absolute scale against the squircle's, so it moves the coastline — but the reference
		/// carried no comment and the vault's "50/50 blend of two falloffs" description does not
		/// expose it. Ported verbatim because the island was tuned with it; named here so the next
		/// reader knows it is a dial and not arithmetic. (chat1/00 §2.2.)
		/// </summary>
		private const float EllipseScaleDivisor = 1.3f;

		/// <summary>Edge-noise coordinate multiplier. Reference: <c>GetNoise2D(x * 2.5f, y * 2.5f)</c> (~:577).</summary>
		private const float EdgeNoiseCoordScale = 2.5f;

		/// <summary>Edge-noise amplitude. Reference: <c>finalFalloff += (edgeNoise * 0.15f) * squircleFalloff</c> (~:578).</summary>
		private const float EdgeNoiseAmplitude = 0.15f;

		/// <summary>Southern sinker threshold, as a fraction of the map. Reference: <c>MapSize * 0.75f</c> (~:582).</summary>
		private const float SouthThresholdFraction = 0.75f;

		/// <summary>Southern sinker depth. Reference: <c>finalFalloff += southDepth * 0.6f</c> (~:586).</summary>
		private const float SouthSinkAmount = 0.6f;

		/// <summary>The falloff exponent. Reference: <c>Mathf.Pow(finalFalloff, 2.5f)</c> (~:593).</summary>
		private const float FalloffExponent = 2.5f;

		/// <summary>Trench onset, as a fraction of the half-axis. Reference: <c>if (distX &gt; 0.90f)</c> (~:597).</summary>
		private const float TrenchOnset = 0.90f;

		/// <summary>Trench slope. Reference: <c>finalFalloff += (distX - 0.90f) * 15.0f</c> (~:597-598).</summary>
		private const float TrenchSlope = 15.0f;

		/// <summary>Spine gate / fade anchor. Reference: <c>if (temperature &lt; 0.65f)</c> and <c>(0.65f - temperature)</c> (~:606, 610).</summary>
		private const float SpineLatitudeAnchor = 0.65f;

		/// <summary>Spine southern-fade slope. Reference: <c>Clamp((0.65f - temperature) * 4.0f, 0, 1)</c> (~:610).</summary>
		private const float SpineFadeSlope = 4.0f;

		/// <summary>Spine cubic concentration. Reference: <c>Mathf.Pow(mountainSpine, 3.0f)</c> (~:611).</summary>
		private const float SpineConcentration = 3.0f;

		/// <summary>Spine amplitude in raw height units. Reference: <c>* 0.6f</c> (~:611).</summary>
		private const float SpineAmplitude = 0.6f;

		/// <summary>Latitude wobble amplitude. Reference: <c>temperature += (tempNoise * 0.2f) - 0.1f</c> (~:561) — i.e. ±0.1.</summary>
		private const float LatitudeWobbleSpan = 0.2f;

		/// <summary>
		/// The latitude noise's decorrelation offset, IN MAP WIDTHS.
		///
		/// ⚠⚠ THE ONE PLACE THIS PORT DELIBERATELY DOES NOT COPY THE REFERENCE'S LITERAL.
		///
		/// The reference wrote <c>GetNoise2D(x + 1000, y + 1000)</c> — an offset in RAW PIXELS.
		/// Because frequency already carries a 1/MapSize normalization, a pixel offset does not hold
		/// still across map sizes: 1000 px is 1.0 normalized units at 4K but 0.5 at 8K, so a resize
		/// silently samples a DIFFERENT SLICE of the noise field. Same feature scale, different
		/// realization — the same seed gives a different world at a different size, for no reason
		/// anyone wrote down. (chat1/00 §4.2; the §6 tightening carried in from chat1/01.)
		///
		/// 1000 px at the reference's canonical MapSize of 8192 = 0.1220703125 map widths. Pinning
		/// THAT reproduces the reference's realization exactly at 8K, and holds it still everywhere
		/// else — which the reference did not.
		/// </summary>
		private const float LatitudeNoiseOffsetMapWidths = 1000f / 8192f;

		/// <summary>
		/// Generate the raw pass-1 height field.
		/// </summary>
		public static Pass1Result Generate(TerrainGenConfig cfg)
		{
			ulong t0 = Time.GetTicksMsec();

			GenerationScale scale = cfg.Scale;
			int mapSize = cfg.MapSize;
			FastNoiseLite noise = TerrainNoise.Create(cfg.Seed, scale);

			var height           = new float[mapSize, mapSize];
			var preTrenchFalloff = new float[mapSize, mapSize];
			var latitudeField    = new float[mapSize, mapSize];

			// ⚠ MAP-CENTRED, not crater-centred. Reference ~:550:
			//     Vector2 center = new Vector2(MapSize / 2.0f, MapSize / 2.0f);
			// The crater's centre (_impactCenter) is a separate, randomly placed field used only in
			// pass 2 and the biome pass. The spine and the mask both key off the MAP centre — the
			// spine is a map-centred ridge, per `Design - Terrain - Mountain Spine.md`. Confirmed
			// against source; no crater coupling exists in pass 1.
			float centerX = mapSize / 2.0f;
			float centerY = mapSize / 2.0f;

			float axisX = cfg.IslandAxisX;
			float axisY = cfg.IslandAxisY;

			// Precomputed once — the reference recomputed these per pixel; identical results.
			float latitudeNoiseOffset = scale.OffsetInMapWidths(LatitudeNoiseOffsetMapWidths);
			float southThreshold      = scale.Fraction(SouthThresholdFraction);
			float halfSpan            = mapSize / 2.0f;

			float hMax = float.MinValue;
			float hMin = float.MaxValue;

			// ⚠ x IS THE OUTER LOOP, as in the reference. Numerically irrelevant here, but a
			// PARALLEL port must reduce hMax/hMin rather than share them — noted before someone
			// reaches for Parallel.For and quietly races on the running max.
			for (int x = 0; x < mapSize; x++)
			{
				for (int y = 0; y < mapSize; y++)
				{
					// ═══ 1. WOBBLED LATITUDE SCALAR (ref ~:559-562) ═══
					//
					// ⚠⚠ THE REFERENCE CALLED THIS "temperature". IT IS NOT CLIMATE, AND THIS PORT
					// WILL NOT CALL IT THAT.
					//
					// It is a stage-1-local LATITUDE FIELD that terrain GEOMETRY reads — the spine's
					// southern fade is its only pass-1 consumer. The prototype named it temperature,
					// then let biomes read the same array, and that shared name is a large part of
					// how climate and terrain got fused in the first place. In the rewrite,
					// CLIMATE IS STAGE 3 and classifies finished shape (D-049 §2, D-056); this
					// scalar is stage 1 and must never be stored as, aliased to, or mistaken for it.
					//
					// The ±0.1 WOBBLE IS KEPT, and it is load-bearing: it makes the spine's southern
					// terminus a low-frequency wave rather than a ruler-straight latitude line.
					// Replacing this with a bare y/MapSize would straighten it — the exact opposite
					// of the filed spine-meander want. (chat1/00 §2.3.)
					float lat = (float)y / mapSize;
					float latNoise = (noise.GetNoise2D(x + latitudeNoiseOffset, y + latitudeNoiseOffset) + 1.0f) / 2.0f;
					lat += (latNoise * LatitudeWobbleSpan) - (LatitudeWobbleSpan / 2.0f);
					latitudeField[x, y] = lat;

					// ═══ 2. THE ISLAND FALLOFF / MASK (ref ~:567-574) ═══
					float finalFalloff = 0f;
					float squircleFalloff = 0f;

					if (cfg.IslandFalloff)
					{
						// Squircle — Max(nx, ny), giving squared-off corners. ISLAND-anchored:
						// the axis ratios are applied here.
						float nx = Mathf.Abs(x - centerX) / (halfSpan * axisX);
						float ny = Mathf.Abs(y - centerY) / (halfSpan * axisY);
						squircleFalloff = Mathf.Max(nx, ny);

						// Ellipse — vector length, giving a rounded shape.
						var ellipticalPos = new Vector2((x - centerX) / axisX, (y - centerY) / axisY);
						float ellipticalFalloff = ellipticalPos.Length() / (mapSize / EllipseScaleDivisor);

						// 50/50 blend.
						finalFalloff = Mathf.Lerp(ellipticalFalloff, squircleFalloff, BlendSquircleWeight);
					}

					// ═══ 3. EDGE / COASTLINE ROUGHNESS (ref ~:577-578) ═══
					//
					// ⚠ THE `* squircleFalloff` MODULATION IS PART OF IT AND IS EASY TO DROP.
					// It makes the roughness ZERO AT THE ISLAND CENTRE and strongest at the rim —
					// which is why it reads as coastline jitter instead of interior grain. The
					// vault's description of this element omits it. (chat1/00 §2.2, §4.5.)
					//
					// The x2.5 coordinate multiplier is NOT an unscaled quantity: it multiplies
					// coordinates that the already-normalized frequency then scales, so it is a
					// fixed 2.5x RATIO to the base noise at every map size. (chat1/00 §4.2 —
					// which corrected the vault on exactly this point.)
					if (cfg.IslandFalloff && cfg.EdgeNoise)
					{
						float edgeNoise = (noise.GetNoise2D(x * EdgeNoiseCoordScale, y * EdgeNoiseCoordScale) + 1.0f) / 2.0f;
						finalFalloff += (edgeNoise * EdgeNoiseAmplitude) * squircleFalloff;
					}

					// ═══ 4. THE SOUTHERN SINKER (ref ~:582-587) ═══
					//
					// Sinks the stretched land bridges in the bottom 25%. ⚠ BEFORE the power, so its
					// effect is superlinear — +0.6 on a falloff already near 1 costs far more height
					// than +0.6 near 0. Moving it after the power would change the southern coast.
					if (cfg.IslandFalloff && cfg.SouthernSinker && y > southThreshold)
					{
						float southDepth = (y - southThreshold) / (mapSize - southThreshold);
						finalFalloff += southDepth * SouthSinkAmount;
					}

					// ═══ ⭐ THE PHASE-2 SEAM — captured BEFORE the power and BEFORE the Trench ═══
					// (ref ~:591). See Pass1Result.PreTrenchFalloff for why this exact point.
					preTrenchFalloff[x, y] = finalFalloff;

					if (cfg.IslandFalloff)
						finalFalloff = Mathf.Pow(finalFalloff, FalloffExponent);

					// ═══ 5. THE TRENCH (ref ~:595-598) ═══
					//
					// ⚠⚠ MAP-ANCHORED, NOT ISLAND-ANCHORED — distX/distY carry NO axis ratio, unlike
					// nx/ny above. That is deliberate and load-bearing: the Trench is a guarantee
					// about the MAP BORDER, not about the island's ellipse. It is what makes the
					// flood fill's unchecked (0,0) ocean seed safe — the corner is guaranteed
					// underwater by a x15 wall. DO NOT "unify" it with the mask's normalization.
					// → `Design - Terrain - Island Mask.md`, chat1/00 §4.5.
					//
					// ⚠ The two clauses are ADDITIVE — a corner pixel takes both.
					// ⚠ AFTER the power, so it is a raw additive wall the exponent never softens.
					if (cfg.IslandFalloff && cfg.Trench)
					{
						float distX = Mathf.Abs(x - centerX) / halfSpan;
						float distY = Mathf.Abs(y - centerY) / halfSpan;
						if (distX > TrenchOnset) finalFalloff += (distX - TrenchOnset) * TrenchSlope;
						if (distY > TrenchOnset) finalFalloff += (distY - TrenchOnset) * TrenchSlope;
					}

					// ═══ 6. THE MOUNTAIN SPINE (ref ~:605-612) ═══
					//
					// ⚠ THE REFERENCE'S `if (temperature < 0.65f)` GATE IS DROPPED, AND THE RESULT IS
					// BIT-IDENTICAL. southernFade = Clamp((0.65 - lat) * 4, 0, 1) already reaches
					// EXACTLY ZERO at lat = 0.65 — the same constant the gate tested — so the gate
					// guarded a term that had already faded to nothing. It introduced no
					// discontinuity and skipped no visible work. southernFade, not the gate, is what
					// actually shapes the spine's southern end. (chat1/00 §2.3.)
					//
					// The gate is expressed below as `fade > 0`, which is the same predicate stated
					// where it is true rather than where it is incidental.
					float mountainSpine = 0f;
					if (cfg.MountainSpine)
					{
						float southernFade = Mathf.Clamp((SpineLatitudeAnchor - lat) * SpineFadeSlope, 0.0f, 1.0f);
						if (southernFade > 0f)
						{
							// ISLAND-anchored: axisX applies here (ref ~:608).
							float distanceToCenterX = Mathf.Abs(x - centerX) / (halfSpan * axisX);
							float crest = 1.0f - IslandFalloff.SmoothAbs(distanceToCenterX, IslandFalloff.CREST_EPSILON);
							mountainSpine = Mathf.Pow(crest, SpineConcentration) * southernFade * SpineAmplitude;
						}
					}

					// ═══ COMBINE AND WRITE (ref ~:618-619, 665-666) ═══
					float rawBase = cfg.BaseNoise ? (noise.GetNoise2D(x, y) + 1.0f) / 2.0f : 0f;
					float finalH = rawBase + mountainSpine - (finalFalloff * cfg.FalloffStrength);

					if (finalH > hMax) hMax = finalH;
					if (finalH < hMin) hMin = finalH;
					height[x, y] = finalH;

					// The reference's pass 1 CONTINUED HERE with the coast shelf (~:621-640) and the
					// offshore islets (~:641-664). v2 runs them as PASS 1b, a second sweep over these
					// arrays, immediately below — same per-pixel arithmetic, same order, and the
					// slop guards need the whole field to see whole islands. → OffshorePass.
				}
			}

			// ═══ PASS 1b — THE COAST SHELF + OFFSHORE ISLETS (chat2/05) ═══
			//
			// In place, on `height`. Config-gated; returns null when both are off, in which case
			// nothing above is touched and this pass-1 output is bit-identical to Phase 1's.
			//
			// ⚠⚠ HMaxSeed IS RECOMPUTED AFTER THIS — closing chat2/00 Drift §2. The reference took
			// `_hMaxSeed` after the shelf and islets inside the same loop; v2 used to take it before
			// they existed. The curve normalizes its summit spike against this value, so the order is
			// load-bearing even when the number does not move (an islet crest is ~34 m; a peak is
			// ~290 m). Both values are carried so the report states whether it moved, not guesses.
			float hMaxBeforeOffshore = hMax;
			OffshorePass.Result offshore = OffshorePass.Apply(height, preTrenchFalloff, mapSize, cfg.Seed, cfg.SeaLevel, cfg);
			if (offshore != null)
			{
				hMax = float.MinValue;
				hMin = float.MaxValue;
				for (int x = 0; x < mapSize; x++)
					for (int y = 0; y < mapSize; y++)
					{
						float h = height[x, y];
						if (h > hMax) hMax = h;
						if (h < hMin) hMin = h;
					}
			}

			return new Pass1Result(mapSize, cfg.Seed, height, preTrenchFalloff, latitudeField,
				hMax, hMin, Time.GetTicksMsec() - t0,
				hMaxSeedBeforeOffshore: hMaxBeforeOffshore,
				isOffshoreIsland: offshore?.Tag,
				islandHemisphere: offshore?.Hemi,
				offshoreLiftedCells: offshore == null ? 0 : offshore.LiftedOrganic - offshore.LiftedReverted,
				notes: offshore?.Notes,
				offshoreLedger: offshore?.ToLedger());
		}
	}
}